diff --git a/backend/export.py b/backend/export.py
index cea3fd2..6bd2a28 100644
--- a/backend/export.py
+++ b/backend/export.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ replaced with placeholder HTML since they would make exports too large.
 """
 
 import base64
+import logging
 import re
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional, Tuple
@@ -16,6 +17,8 @@ import mimetypes
 # Import shared media type definitions and scanner from utils to avoid duplication
 from backend.utils import MEDIA_EXTENSIONS, get_media_type, scan_notes_fast_walk
 
+logger = logging.getLogger("uvicorn.error")
+
 
 def get_media_as_base64(media_path: Path) -> Optional[Tuple[str, str]]:
     """
@@ -41,7 +44,7 @@ def get_media_as_base64(media_path: Path) -> Optional[Tuple[str, str]]:
         base64_data = base64.b64encode(media_data).decode('utf-8')
         return (f"data:{mime_type};base64,{base64_data}", media_type)
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f"Failed to read media {media_path}: {e}")
+        logger.error("Failed to read media %s: %s", media_path, e)
         return None
 
 
diff --git a/backend/note_index.py b/backend/note_index.py
index 968b5ba..ebcc780 100644
--- a/backend/note_index.py
+++ b/backend/note_index.py
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ facades at the bottom of this file.
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import logging
 import os
 import re
 import threading
@@ -21,6 +22,8 @@ from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Set, Tuple
 
+logger = logging.getLogger("uvicorn.error")
+
 
 # Below this many markdown files, parallel tag extraction adds more overhead
 # than it saves.
@@ -899,7 +902,7 @@ def on_note_saved(notes_dir: str, full_path: Path, content: str) -> None:
         )
         _index.update_note(record, extract_links_from_content(content), content=content)
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f"note_index: on_note_saved failed for {full_path}: {e}")
+        logger.error("note_index: on_note_saved failed for %s: %s", full_path, e)
 
 
 def on_note_deleted(notes_dir: str, full_path: Path) -> None:
@@ -907,7 +910,7 @@ def on_note_deleted(notes_dir: str, full_path: Path) -> None:
         rel_path = full_path.relative_to(Path(notes_dir)).as_posix()
         _index.remove_note(rel_path)
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f"note_index: on_note_deleted failed for {full_path}: {e}")
+        logger.error("note_index: on_note_deleted failed for %s: %s", full_path, e)
 
 
 def on_note_renamed(notes_dir: str, old_full_path: Path, new_full_path: Path) -> None:
@@ -918,7 +921,7 @@ def on_note_renamed(notes_dir: str, old_full_path: Path, new_full_path: Path) ->
             new_full_path.relative_to(base).as_posix(),
         )
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f"note_index: on_note_renamed failed: {e}")
+        logger.error("note_index: on_note_renamed failed: %s", e)
 
 
 def on_folder_renamed(notes_dir: str, old_full_path: Path, new_full_path: Path) -> None:
@@ -930,7 +933,7 @@ def on_folder_renamed(notes_dir: str, old_full_path: Path, new_full_path: Path)
             new_full_path.relative_to(base).as_posix(),
         )
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f"note_index: on_folder_renamed failed: {e}")
+        logger.error("note_index: on_folder_renamed failed: %s", e)
         _index.invalidate()
 
 
@@ -939,7 +942,7 @@ def on_folder_deleted(notes_dir: str, full_path: Path) -> None:
         rel_prefix = full_path.relative_to(Path(notes_dir)).as_posix()
         _index.remove_folder_prefix(rel_prefix)
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f"note_index: on_folder_deleted failed: {e}")
+        logger.error("note_index: on_folder_deleted failed: %s", e)
         _index.invalidate()
 
 
@@ -952,7 +955,7 @@ def populate_from_scan(
     try:
         _index.bulk_set(notes_meta, folders, sources_raw)
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f"note_index: populate_from_scan failed: {e}")
+        logger.error("note_index: populate_from_scan failed: %s", e)
 
 
 def ensure_search_index(notes_dir: str) -> bool:
diff --git a/backend/share.py b/backend/share.py
index 01b79ff..1d0fde8 100644
--- a/backend/share.py
+++ b/backend/share.py
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ Handles creating, storing, and revoking share tokens for public note access.
 """
 
 import json
+import logging
 import secrets
 import string
 from pathlib import Path
@@ -13,6 +14,8 @@ import threading
 
 from .utils import validate_path_security
 
+logger = logging.getLogger("uvicorn.error")
+
 # Thread lock for safe concurrent access
 _lock = threading.Lock()
 
@@ -99,7 +102,7 @@ def save_tokens(data_dir: str, tokens: Dict[str, Dict[str, Any]]) -> bool:
             json.dump(tokens, f, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)
         return True
     except IOError as e:
-        print(f"Failed to save share tokens: {e}")
+        logger.error("Failed to save share tokens: %s", e)
         return False
 
 
diff --git a/backend/themes.py b/backend/themes.py
index 32cd31b..8945393 100644
--- a/backend/themes.py
+++ b/backend/themes.py
@@ -2,10 +2,13 @@
 Theme management for NoteDiscovery
 """
 
+import logging
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import List, Dict
 import re
 
+logger = logging.getLogger("uvicorn.error")
+
 
 def parse_theme_metadata(theme_path: Path) -> Dict[str, str]:
     """Parse theme metadata from CSS file comments"""
@@ -28,7 +31,7 @@ def parse_theme_metadata(theme_path: Path) -> Dict[str, str]:
                         metadata["type"] = match.group(1)
                         break
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f"Error parsing theme metadata from {theme_path}: {e}")
+        logger.error("Error parsing theme metadata from %s: %s", theme_path, e)
     
     return metadata
 
diff --git a/backend/utils.py b/backend/utils.py
index 2bf30c6..9f5e05f 100644
--- a/backend/utils.py
+++ b/backend/utils.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ Heavy work (backlinks, graph, full-text search, tag aggregation) is delegated
 to the in-memory index in note_index.py.
 """
 
+import logging
 import os
 import re
 import shutil
@@ -21,6 +22,8 @@ from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from . import note_index
 from .note_index import NoteRecord, extract_links_from_content
 
+logger = logging.getLogger("uvicorn.error")
+
 
 # ============================================================================
 # Pagination Support
@@ -443,13 +446,13 @@ def delete_folder(notes_dir: str, folder_path: str) -> bool:
         full_path = Path(notes_dir) / folder_path
 
         if not validate_path_security(notes_dir, full_path):
-            print(f"Security: Path is outside notes directory: {full_path}")
+            logger.warning("Security: Path is outside notes directory: %s", full_path)
             return False
         if not full_path.exists():
-            print(f"Folder does not exist: {full_path}")
+            logger.warning("Folder does not exist: %s", full_path)
             return False
         if not full_path.is_dir():
-            print(f"Path is not a directory: {full_path}")
+            logger.warning("Path is not a directory: %s", full_path)
             return False
 
         _drop_prefix_caches(full_path)
@@ -458,8 +461,8 @@ def delete_folder(notes_dir: str, folder_path: str) -> bool:
         _scan_cache_invalidate()
         return True
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f"Error deleting folder '{folder_path}': {e}")
-        traceback.print_exc()
+        logger.error("Error deleting folder '%s': %s", folder_path, e)
+        logger.error(traceback.format_exc())
         return False
 
 
@@ -734,7 +737,7 @@ def save_uploaded_image(
                 f.write(file_data)
             return str(full_path.relative_to(base).as_posix())
         except OSError as e:
-            print(f"Error saving image: {e}")
+            logger.error("Error saving image: %s", e)
             return None
 
     sanitized_name = sanitize_filename(filename)
@@ -746,14 +749,14 @@ def save_uploaded_image(
     attachments_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
     full_path = attachments_dir / final_filename
     if not validate_path_security(notes_dir, full_path):
-        print(f"Security: Attempted to save image outside notes directory: {full_path}")
+        logger.warning("Security: Attempted to save image outside notes directory: %s", full_path)
         return None
     try:
         with open(full_path, "wb") as f:
             f.write(file_data)
         return str(full_path.relative_to(base).as_posix())
     except OSError as e:
-        print(f"Error saving image: {e}")
+        logger.error("Error saving image: %s", e)
         return None
 
 
@@ -869,8 +872,7 @@ def parse_tags(content: str) -> List[str]:
         return sorted(list(set(tags)))
         
     except Exception as e:
-        # If parsing fails, return empty list
-        print(f"Error parsing tags: {e}")
+        logger.error("Error parsing tags: %s", e)
         return []
 
 
@@ -923,15 +925,14 @@ def get_templates(notes_dir: str) -> List[Dict]:
     
     # Security check: ensure _templates folder is within notes directory
     if not validate_path_security(notes_dir, templates_path):
-        print(f"Security: Templates directory is outside notes directory: {templates_path}")
+        logger.warning("Security: Templates directory is outside notes directory: %s", templates_path)
         return templates
     
     try:
         for template_file in templates_path.glob("*.md"):
             try:
-                # Security check: ensure each template is within notes directory
                 if not validate_path_security(notes_dir, template_file):
-                    print(f"Security: Skipping template outside notes directory: {template_file}")
+                    logger.warning("Security: Skipping template outside notes directory: %s", template_file)
                     continue
                 
                 stat = template_file.stat()
@@ -941,10 +942,10 @@ def get_templates(notes_dir: str) -> List[Dict]:
                     "modified": datetime.fromtimestamp(stat.st_mtime, tz=timezone.utc).isoformat()
                 })
             except Exception as e:
-                print(f"Error reading template {template_file}: {e}")
+                logger.error("Error reading template %s: %s", template_file, e)
                 continue
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f"Error accessing templates directory: {e}")
+        logger.error("Error accessing templates directory: %s", e)
     
     return sorted(templates, key=lambda x: x['name'])
 
@@ -967,14 +968,14 @@ def get_template_content(notes_dir: str, template_name: str) -> Optional[str]:
     
     # Security check: ensure template is within notes directory
     if not validate_path_security(notes_dir, template_path):
-        print(f"Security: Template path is outside notes directory: {template_path}")
+        logger.warning("Security: Template path is outside notes directory: %s", template_path)
         return None
     
     try:
         with open(template_path, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
             return f.read()
     except Exception as e:
-        print(f"Error reading template {template_name}: {e}")
+        logger.error("Error reading template %s: %s", template_name, e)
         return None